Rough ice around the icebreaker Polarstern

Ice Floe Runway Engineering Feats vs. Arctic Fury

“Engineering Feats versus Arctic Fury” recounts the awe-inspiring journey on an ice floe, cast adrift in the vast expanse of the 5000-meter-deep Arctic Ocean, as it undergoes an extraordinary metamorphosis into the northernmost “airport” on Earth. This narrative delves into the intricate blend of human ingenuity and the raw power of nature. 

Estimated reading time: 6 minutes

Exploring Arctic Frontiers: MOSAiC Expedition’s Impactful Insights

Icebreaker Polarstern in the eternal darkness of the Arctic Winter
The icebreaker Polarstern operates in the extreme conditions of the Arctic winter, where it experiences “eternal darkness” due to the polar night—a period when the sun does not rise above the horizon.

Logistics are paramount for expeditions into the Arctic or Antarctic, where the environment is as harsh as it is distinctive. In 2020, we tackled these challenges head-on during the largest Arctic expedition, MOSAiC. The MOSAiC expedition, short for Multidisciplinary Drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate, was a year-long international research project to understand better the Arctic climate system and its impact on the global climate.

Delve into my detailed article about the MOSAiC Arctic expedition

Adventures in the Arctic: Polarstern’s Contingency Planning

Icebreaker Polarstern surrounded by thousands of kilometers of ice
The icebreaker Polarstern, surrounded by ice, stood as the sole light source for thousands of kilometers.

The German icebreaker Polarstern courageously traversed thousands of kilometers across the Arctic Ocean, venturing far from immediate assistance. Nevertheless, we were prepared. We had a contingency strategy: constructing a 1500-meter runway for fixed-wing aircraft to facilitate logistical support and serve as a potential emergency evacuation option.

Icebreaker Polarstern drifting in the Arctic
Towering ice ridges and unstable ice present a challenging environment for crafting a runway for fixed-wing aircraft.

Learn how to master photography in a frigid environment.

Arctic Expedition Insights: The Rigorous Process of Site Identification

Icebreakers Ice Radar
Icebreakers’ Ice Radar is a navigation technology used on ships to detect and map sea ice. It analyzes ice thickness and conditions, helping navigators chart a safe path through polar regions. This tool is essential for icebreakers, enhancing their ability to break through ice safely and efficiently.

Our selection of the optimal location was not a haphazard decision. It was based on a meticulous process, utilizing helicopter-based airborne laser scanning to map the sea-ice surface and leveraging long-term shipborne ice radar data. The objective was to identify a stable ice floe unlikely to fracture, situated in close proximity to our drifting icebreaker, Polarstern. Once potential candidates were pinpointed, rigorous visual inspections and ice coring were conducted to ensure accurate ice thickness measurement.

Scientists working near the icebreaker Polarstern at an ice floe runway
Scientists are conducting pivotal research next to the icebreaker Polarstern on an ice floe runway.

Read more about my Antarctic expedition

PistenBullis in Action: Crafting an Arctic Runway with Precision

PistenBully snow groomer in action
PistenBully snow groomers in action are indeed impressive machines.

The crafting process began after all the experts agreed on a single location. This endeavor was formidable, demanding two weeks of rigorous effort with heavy machinery – PistenBullis. These machines, equipped with specialized ice-cutting blades and robust engines, were crucial in construction. They could grind down immense ice ridges, forming a functional runway. PistenBully machines, typically employed for grooming ski slopes in resorts around the globe, were utilized in tandem to grind down immense ice ridges, forming a functional runway.

Eskimo wind and cold protection tent
Eskimo wind and cold protection tents are designed for quick and easy setup and offer adequate shelter in the harsh Arctic environment.

Braving the Elements: Operating Heavy Machinery in the Arctic Wilderness

PistenBully snow groomer
PistenBully snow groomers are powerful and heavy-duty machines.

Operating heavy machinery on a 5000-meter-deep ocean’s surface was challenging and perilous. Consequently, the operators donned survival suits and life jackets. If they noticed any cracks or signs of destabilization in the ice floe, they promptly evacuated the Pistenbully, highlighting the intense conditions under which the team was operating.

A Harsh Reality: Facing the Power of the Arctic Elements

It's an almost finished ice floe runway.
Considering the challenging conditions in polar environments, an ice floe runway is a remarkable feat.

Finally, the flattened, smooth surface of the ice floe, clear of snow and obstacles, was primed for landing and takeoff. However, the Arctic unleashed its fury before we could install markings, setting the ice in motion. Within minutes, the solid ice fragmented, creating a vast expanse of open water and rendering our efforts futile.

Overcoming Arctic Odds: Team Spirit

PistenBully on an Arctic ice floe
A PistenBully on an Arctic ice floe basks in the first daylight after months of darkness.

This encounter vividly reminded us of the colossal logistical hurdles and perpetual unpredictability inherent in Arctic expeditions. Nonetheless, it illuminated our team’s unyielding resolve and resilience, showcasing the indomitable human spirit in the face of nature’s formidable forces. Despite the setback posed by the capricious Arctic environment, our team’s morale remained steadfast and unbroken.

Polar bear guards in the Arctic
Polar bear guards are essential for the safety of human activities in the Arctic, particularly during scientific research missions. They are crucial because polar bears are curious, powerful, and potentially dangerous animals.

Delve into my article about the beauty and danger of polar bears

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